電腦與遊戲機 - 模擬器

By Tom
at 2016-01-27T04:11
at 2016-01-27T04:11
Table of Contents
再做一些資料補充,其實這個可以整理成繪表,
連帶更詳細的當時作業系統主流.顯卡主流相關資訊等等,做歷史回顧.
===================================================
可參考 http://videogamecritic.com
個人電腦極端不普及 (8Bit CPU為主),
而遊戲機畫面多數以點線概念組合而成 atari 2600 1977年9月
Apple I https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_I 1976年 (6502 8Bit CPU)
Apple II https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_II 1977年(6502 8Bit CPU)
(我出生前的年代...比較不可考..)
===================================================
任天堂 1983年7月15日 (8Bit 特製6502CPU)
8086 1978年(16Bit CPU) ,
80286 1982年2月(16Bit CPU , 開始有保護模式) ,
80386 (32Bit CPU) 1985年10月 ,
80486 (直接內附浮點運算輔助器) 1989年
DOS主流時代
===================================================
超級任天堂 1990年11月 ,
windows 3.0 1990~1994年
===================================================
任天堂64 1996年6月23日 ,PlayStation 1994年12月
Windows 95 1995年8月 ,Windows 98 1998年6月 , Windows ME 2000年9月
OpenGL 1.1發佈 1997年1月 ,
DirectX 1.0 1995年9月30日 ,
DirectX 3.0 (D3D加入1996年)
3D加速顯卡約於 Windows 98開始慢慢普及
===================================================
GameCube 2001年9月 ,PlayStation 2 1999年3月 , XBOX 2001年
Windows XP 2001年
PlayStation 2初期到中期仍然保有硬體優勢,但
隨著D3D發展成熟和顯卡技術進步,中期後遊戲效果被電腦超越
===================================================
PlayStation 3 2006年11月 Wii 2006年11月,XBOX 360 2006年3月
從這代開始遊戲機架構與個人電腦靠攏成為趨勢主流
===================================================
補充:
古早時代與任天堂和超任同期的電腦為何CPU能力遠比遊戲主機強,
但畫面表現輸於遊戲機?
那時電腦顯卡與遊戲機畫面輸出概念其實並不太相同,
電腦顯卡主要分為文字模式與繪圖模式,遊戲需要靠繪圖模式進行才有彈性,
而繪圖模式下顯卡的作用僅止於將特定的記憶體位指資料內容轉換成Pixel輸出,
而cpu若是要表現出遊戲畫面,所有遊戲畫面均要由cpu負責從邏輯層.
資料產生到最後寫入到顯卡特定記憶體位置(簡單來說畫面連最小單位pixel都靠cpu算),
同期的任天堂與超任CPU只需要負責邏輯層的工作,
遊戲畫面構成的概念主要由背景.Sprites.OAM構成,
CPU只需要把素材資料(那時候就是所謂的title)填入到特定的記憶體資料區域
(這段甚至常常靠DMA完成,CPU只需要告訴特定的DMA register從
rom哪裡的資料拷貝幾份到ram何處,就自動完成,連MOV指令都不用),
,然後背景MAP資料區填入對應title編號,OAM寫入我要在遊戲畫面上操控
哪些Sprites產生何種屬性,接著畫面輸出和特效就全靠GPU去完成了
(全靠硬體管線單位周期時間內完成),同樣要構成遊戲畫面,
遊戲主機的CPU負擔跟電腦相比是天差地,
而古早遊戲機GPU處理的概念其實也就等於現在遊戲繪圖卡的顯示所做的事情.
遊戲畫面其實GPU能力遠比CPU重要,透過GPU輔助,
就連arduino也能擁有相當豐富的畫面效果,參考
http://excamera.com/sphinx/gameduino
看介紹 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EWn-6FB4cNQ
其實如果要復古的話,這個ARDUINO UNO的SHELL味道比較接近....
CPU的部分只是ARDUINO UNO的 8-bit AVR RISC-based microcontroller而已
滿酷的...硬體規格 uno https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardUno
--
Tags:
模擬器
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