歐洲圍棋團體賽現AI作弊中盤98%相似Leela - 圍棋
By Necoo
at 2018-03-28T19:56
at 2018-03-28T19:56
Table of Contents
http://sports.sina.com.cn/go/2018-03-28/doc-ifysqfnh7361196.shtml
PGETC(Pandanet Go European Team Championship)是在IGS Pandanet線上進行的一個
歐洲圍棋團體賽,這個比賽今年共有37個國家參加,很有影響力。比賽採用的是分為四個
級別、帶有升降級的聯賽制度。
今天,在該比賽的官網上(http://pandanet-igs.com/communities/euroteamchamps/403
),公佈了一起利用人工智能作弊的事件,這可能是近來高水平AI普及之後首次在正式比
賽中出現該情況並引起廣泛爭議。
事件的大致經過是這樣的:去年11月間,意大利隊和以色列隊比賽期間,一位旁觀者用
Leela軟件分析局面時,驚訝地發現意方棋手Carlo Metta(業餘4段)的落子幾乎總是跟
Leela推薦的走法一致,以色列隊因此而投訴。 聯賽的組織者通過技術分析,認定Carlo
使用Leela軟件輔助了他的對局,因此違反了有關公平競爭的條款,該棋手被處以取消本
屆成績和下屆禁賽的處罰。
這個事件引爆了Faceboook的圍棋群,以及歐美其它幾處重要的圍棋討論區,支持和反對
的雙方展開了熱烈的討論。
在西方的文化中,“疑罪從無”的原則深入人心,比賽的組織者敢於公佈這起涉及到棋手
名譽的“作弊”事件,推斷起來應該是有相當可靠的證據。 從裁判方面在網上提供的非
正式信息看,當事棋手在中盤階段(第50至150手之間)98%的落子都在Leela建議的勝率
最高的三個選點之中。 當他們用同樣的方法分析該棋手的一些線下比賽的棋譜時,發現
相似率僅有70-80%。
這樣的證據是否足夠充分呢? 一些有數學背景的棋友給出瞭如下的估算:如果每步棋跟
Leela選擇一致的概率為80%,那麼當事棋手有五千六百分之一的可能是無辜的;如果概率
為70%,這個可能性則是兩百五十萬分之一。 當然,這樣的模型本身是不嚴謹的,例如它
沒有考慮到圍棋中很多局面下有必然的下法。 而且當一些棋友用Leela分析其它的棋局時
發現,部分對局的相似率可能高達90%,所以僅從概率上考慮無法完全排除當事棋手碰巧
弈出一盤名局的可能性。
另外一位熟悉當事人的棋友稱:他最近兩年放棄了在線對弈等傳統學習方法,完全專注於
用Leela輔助學習,因此棋藝突飛猛進,所以他的風格與Leela接近是順理成章的。 但對
此持反對意見的棋友則指出:人工智能程序並沒有一個固定的風格,最佳的下法也是因對
手而異的,所以很難模仿。
據稱當事人已經決定對此裁決上訴,上訴的過程會很漫長,至少數月之後才能有最終的結
論。 無論這起事件最終如何落下帷幕,對於線上比賽的組織者來說高級人工智能的出現
都是一個新的挑戰。 相信不久的將來,能運行在手機端的超強圍棋AI就會出現,操作AI
代替人類對弈的技術門檻也會進一步降低,大家作好迎接網絡對弈新時代的準備了嗎?
--
PGETC(Pandanet Go European Team Championship)是在IGS Pandanet線上進行的一個
歐洲圍棋團體賽,這個比賽今年共有37個國家參加,很有影響力。比賽採用的是分為四個
級別、帶有升降級的聯賽制度。
今天,在該比賽的官網上(http://pandanet-igs.com/communities/euroteamchamps/403
),公佈了一起利用人工智能作弊的事件,這可能是近來高水平AI普及之後首次在正式比
賽中出現該情況並引起廣泛爭議。
事件的大致經過是這樣的:去年11月間,意大利隊和以色列隊比賽期間,一位旁觀者用
Leela軟件分析局面時,驚訝地發現意方棋手Carlo Metta(業餘4段)的落子幾乎總是跟
Leela推薦的走法一致,以色列隊因此而投訴。 聯賽的組織者通過技術分析,認定Carlo
使用Leela軟件輔助了他的對局,因此違反了有關公平競爭的條款,該棋手被處以取消本
屆成績和下屆禁賽的處罰。
這個事件引爆了Faceboook的圍棋群,以及歐美其它幾處重要的圍棋討論區,支持和反對
的雙方展開了熱烈的討論。
在西方的文化中,“疑罪從無”的原則深入人心,比賽的組織者敢於公佈這起涉及到棋手
名譽的“作弊”事件,推斷起來應該是有相當可靠的證據。 從裁判方面在網上提供的非
正式信息看,當事棋手在中盤階段(第50至150手之間)98%的落子都在Leela建議的勝率
最高的三個選點之中。 當他們用同樣的方法分析該棋手的一些線下比賽的棋譜時,發現
相似率僅有70-80%。
這樣的證據是否足夠充分呢? 一些有數學背景的棋友給出瞭如下的估算:如果每步棋跟
Leela選擇一致的概率為80%,那麼當事棋手有五千六百分之一的可能是無辜的;如果概率
為70%,這個可能性則是兩百五十萬分之一。 當然,這樣的模型本身是不嚴謹的,例如它
沒有考慮到圍棋中很多局面下有必然的下法。 而且當一些棋友用Leela分析其它的棋局時
發現,部分對局的相似率可能高達90%,所以僅從概率上考慮無法完全排除當事棋手碰巧
弈出一盤名局的可能性。
另外一位熟悉當事人的棋友稱:他最近兩年放棄了在線對弈等傳統學習方法,完全專注於
用Leela輔助學習,因此棋藝突飛猛進,所以他的風格與Leela接近是順理成章的。 但對
此持反對意見的棋友則指出:人工智能程序並沒有一個固定的風格,最佳的下法也是因對
手而異的,所以很難模仿。
據稱當事人已經決定對此裁決上訴,上訴的過程會很漫長,至少數月之後才能有最終的結
論。 無論這起事件最終如何落下帷幕,對於線上比賽的組織者來說高級人工智能的出現
都是一個新的挑戰。 相信不久的將來,能運行在手機端的超強圍棋AI就會出現,操作AI
代替人類對弈的技術門檻也會進一步降低,大家作好迎接網絡對弈新時代的準備了嗎?
--
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